Quoting sipa (see https://github.com/bitcoin-core/secp256k1/pull/1479#discussion_r1790079414):
"When performing an EC multiplication A = aG for secret a, the resulting
_affine_ coordinates of A are presumed to not leak information about a (ECDLP),
but the same is not necessarily true for the Jacobian coordinates that come
out of our multiplication algorithm."
For the ECDH point multiplication result, the result in Jacobi coordinates should be
cleared not only to avoid leaking the scalar, but even more so as it's a representation
of the resulting shared secret.
This gives the caller more control about whether the state should
be cleaned (= should be considered secret). Moreover, it gives the
caller the possibility to clean a hash struct without finalizing it.
All of the invocations of secp256k1_memclear() operate on stack
memory and happen after the function is done with the memory object.
This commit replaces existing memset() invocations and also adds
secp256k1_memclear() to code locations where clearing was missing;
there is no guarantee that this commit covers all code locations
where clearing is necessary.
Co-Authored-By: isle2983 <isle2983@yahoo.com>
This gets rid of an untested code path. Resolves#1352.
secp256k1_ge_storage is a struct with two secp256k1_fe_storage fields.
The C standard allows the compiler to add padding between the fields and
at the end of the struct, but no sane compiler in the end would do this:
The only reason to add padding is to ensure alignment, but such padding
is never necessary between two fields of the same type.
Similarly, secp256k1_fe_storage is a struct with a single array of
uintXX_t. No padding is allowed between array elements. Again, C allows
the compiler to insert padding at the end of the struct, but there's no
absolute reason to do so in this case.
For the uintXX_t itself, this guaranteed to have no padding bits, i.e.,
it's guaranteed to have exactly XX bits.
So I claim that for any existing compiler in the real world,
sizeof(secp256k1_ge_storage) == 64.
The scheme implemented is described below, and largely follows the paper
"SwiftEC: Shallue–van de Woestijne Indifferentiable Function To Elliptic Curves",
by Chavez-Saab, Rodriguez-Henriquez, and Tibouchi
(https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/759).
A new 64-byte public key format is introduced, with the property that *every*
64-byte array is an encoding for a non-infinite curve point. Each curve point
has roughly 2^256 distinct encodings. This permits disguising public keys as
uniformly random bytes.
The new API functions:
* secp256k1_ellswift_encode: convert a normal public key to an ellswift 64-byte
public key, using additional entropy to pick among the many possible
encodings.
* secp256k1_ellswift_decode: convert an ellswift 64-byte public key to a normal
public key.
* secp256k1_ellswift_create: a faster and safer equivalent to calling
secp256k1_ec_pubkey_create + secp256k1_ellswift_encode.
* secp256k1_ellswift_xdh: x-only ECDH directly on ellswift 64-byte public keys,
where the key encodings are fed to the hash function.
The scheme itself is documented in secp256k1_ellswift.h.
The output ge is normalized when sizeof(secp256k1_ge_storage) = 64
but not when it's not 64. ARG_CHECK at the end of the function
assumes normalization. So normalize ge in the other code path too.
After this commit, int128.h and int128_impl.h are included as follows:
- .c files which use int128 include int128_impl.h (after util.h)
- .h files which use int128 include int128.h (after util.h)
This list is exhaustive. util.h needs to included first because it sets
up necessary #defines.
This is a backwards-compatible API change: Before this commit, a context
initialized for signing was required to call functions that rely on
ecmult_gen. After this commit, this is no longer necessary because the
static ecmult_gen table is always present. In practice this means that
the corresponding functions will just work instead of calling the
illegal callback when given a context which is not (officially)
initialized for signing.
This is in line with 6815761, which made the analogous change with
respect to ecmult and contexts initialized for signing. But as opposed
to 681571, which removed the ecmult context entirely, we cannot remove
the ecmult_gen context entirely because it is still used for random
blinding. Moreover, since the secp256k1_context_no_precomp context is
const and cannot meaningfully support random blinding, we refrain (for
now) from changing its API, i.e., the illegal callback will still be
called when trying to use ecmult_gen operations with the static
secp256k1_context_no_precomp context.
adec5a1638 Add missing null check for ctx and input keys in the public API (Elichai Turkel)
f4edfc7581 Improve consistency for NULL arguments in the public interface (Elichai Turkel)
Pull request description:
I went over the public API and added missing explanations on when a pointer can be null and when it cannot,
and added some missing checks for null ctx and null pubkey pointers.
Open questions IMHO:
1. Can `secp256k1_context_create` return NULL? right now it could return null if you replaced the callbacks at compile time to ones that do return(unlike the default ones which never return).
2. Related to the first, should we document that the callbacks should never return? (in the tests we use returning callbacks but we can violate our own API) right now we say the following:
> After this callback returns, anything may happen, including crashing.
Is this enough to document answer `no` for the first question and just saying that if the callback returned then you violated the API so `secp256k1_context_create` can return NULL even though it is promised not to?
Right now we AFAICT we never check if it returns null
Another nit I'm not sure about is wording `(does nothing if NULL)`/`(ignored if NULL)`/`(can be NULL)`
More missing docs:
1. Documenting the `data` argument to the default nonce functions
ACKs for top commit:
ariard:
ACK adec5a16
jonasnick:
ACK adec5a1638
Tree-SHA512: 6fe785776b7e451e9e8cae944987f927b1eb2e2d404dfcb1b0ceb0a30bda4ce16469708920269417e5ada09739723a430e270dea1868fe7d12ccd5699dde5976
1f4dd03838 Typedef (u)int128_t only when they're not provided by the compiler (Tim Ruffing)
e89278f211 Don't use reserved identifiers memczero and benchmark_verify_t (Tim Ruffing)
Pull request description:
As identified in #829 and #833. Fixes#829.
Since we touch this anyway, this commit additionally makes the
identifiers in the benchmark files a little bit more consistent.
This is necessary before we can merge #833. I preferred a separate PR because it makes it easier to see the results of Travis in #833.
ACKs for top commit:
sipa:
utACK 1f4dd03838
jonasnick:
ACK 1f4dd03838
Tree-SHA512: c0ec92798f3c94f3ef6ac69b3f0f39a39257a32be9d9a068832cece1ebe64c89848b70e44652fc397004b8b240883ac4bc0c8f95abbe4ba4b028de120e6734bf
If the user passes invalid flags to _context_create, and the default
illegal callback does not abort the program (which is possible), then we
work with the result of malloc(0), which may be undefined behavior. This
violates the promise that a library function won't crash after the
illegal callback has been called.
This commit fixes this issue by returning NULL early in _context_create
in that case.
As identified in #829 and #833. Fixes#829.
Since we touch this anyway, this commit additionally makes the
identifiers in the benchmark files a little bit more consistent.
f431b3f28a valgrind_ctime_test: Add schnorrsig_sign (Jonas Nick)
16ffa9d97c schnorrsig: Add taproot test case (Jonas Nick)
8dfd53ee3f schnorrsig: Add benchmark for sign and verify (Jonas Nick)
4e43520026 schnorrsig: Add BIP-340 compatible signing and verification (Jonas Nick)
7332d2db6b schnorrsig: Add BIP-340 nonce function (Jonas Nick)
7a703fd97d schnorrsig: Init empty experimental module (Jonas Nick)
eabd9bc46a Allow initializing tagged sha256 (Jonas Nick)
6fcb5b845d extrakeys: Add keypair_xonly_tweak_add (Jonas Nick)
58254463f9 extrakeys: Add keypair struct with create, pub and pub_xonly (Jonas Nick)
f0010349b8 Separate helper functions for pubkey_create and seckey_tweak_add (Jonas Nick)
910d9c284c extrakeys: Add xonly_pubkey_tweak_add & xonly_pubkey_tweak_add_test (Jonas Nick)
176bfb1110 Separate helper function for ec_pubkey_tweak_add (Jonas Nick)
4cd2ee474d extrakeys: Add xonly_pubkey with serialize, parse and from_pubkey (Jonas Nick)
47e6618e11 extrakeys: Init empty experimental module (Jonas Nick)
3e08b02e2a Make the secp256k1_declassify argument constant (Jonas Nick)
Pull request description:
This PR implements signing, verification and batch verification as described in [BIP-340](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0340.mediawiki) in an experimental module named `schnorrsig`. It includes the test vectors and a benchmarking tool.
This PR also adds a module `extrakeys` that allows [BIP-341](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0341.mediawiki)-style key tweaking.
(Adding ChaCha20 as a CSPRNG and batch verification was moved to PR #760).
In order to enable the module run `./configure` with `--enable-experimental --enable-module-schnorrsig`.
Based on apoelstra's work.
ACKs for top commit:
gmaxwell:
ACK f431b3f28a (exactly matches the previous post-fixup version which I have already reviewed and tested)
sipa:
ACK f431b3f28a
real-or-random:
ACK f431b3f28a careful code review
Tree-SHA512: e15e849c7bb65cdc5d7b1d6874678e275a71e4514de9d5432ec1700de3ba92aa9f381915813f4729057af152d90eea26aabb976ed297019c5767e59cf0bbc693
8bc6aeffa9 Add SHA256 selftest (Pieter Wuille)
5e5fb28b4a Use additional system macros to figure out endianness (Pieter Wuille)
Pull request description:
These are all the architecture macros I could find with known endianness. Use those as a fallback when __BYTE_ORDER__ isn't available.
See https://github.com/bitcoin-core/secp256k1/pull/787#issuecomment-673764652
It also adds a SHA256 selftest, so that improperly overriding the endianness detection will be detected at runtime.
ACKs for top commit:
real-or-random:
ACK 8bc6aeffa9 I read the diff, and tested that the self-test passes/fails with/without the correct endianness setting
gmaxwell:
ACK 8bc6aeffa9 looks good and I also ran the tests on MIPS-BE and verified that forcing it to LE makes the runtime test fail.
Tree-SHA512: aca4cebcd0715dcf5b58f5763cb4283af238987f43bd83a650e38e127f348131692b2eed7ae5b2ae96046d9b971fc77c6ab44467689399fe470a605c3458ecc5
