This commit adds three new cryptosystems to libsecp256k1:
Pedersen commitments are a system for making blinded commitments
to a value. Functionally they work like:
commit_b,v = H(blind_b || value_v),
except they are additively homorphic, e.g.
C(b1, v1) - C(b2, v2) = C(b1 - b2, v1 - v2) and
C(b1, v1) - C(b1, v1) = 0, etc.
The commitments themselves are EC points, serialized as 33 bytes.
In addition to the commit function this implementation includes
utility functions for verifying that a set of commitments sums
to zero, and for picking blinding factors that sum to zero.
If the blinding factors are uniformly random, pedersen commitments
have information theoretic privacy.
Borromean ring signatures are a novel efficient ring signature
construction for AND/OR admissions policies (the code here implements
an AND of ORs, each of any size). This construction requires
32 bytes of signature per pubkey used plus 32 bytes of constant
overhead. With these you can construct signatures like "Given pubkeys
A B C D E F G, the signer knows the discrete logs
satisifying (A || B) & (C || D || E) & (F || G)".
ZK range proofs allow someone to prove a pedersen commitment is in
a particular range (e.g. [0..2^64)) without revealing the specific
value. The construction here is based on the above borromean
ring signature and uses a radix-4 encoding and other optimizations
to maximize efficiency. It also supports encoding proofs with a
non-private base-10 exponent and minimum-value to allow trading
off secrecy for size and speed (or just avoiding wasting space
keeping data private that was already public due to external
constraints).
A proof for a 32-bit mantissa takes 2564 bytes, but 2048 bytes of
this can be used to communicate a private message to a receiver
who shares a secret random seed with the prover.
Identifiers starting with an underscore and followed immediately by a capital letter are reserved by the C++ standard.
The only header guards not fixed are those in the headers auto-generated from java.
bc61b91 add pubkey prefix constants to include/secp256k1.h (Andrew Poelstra)
Pull request description:
In future multisig implementations we will need to pass nonces around, which are algebraically pubkeys but should not be decodable as pubkeys. The way to do this is to change the prefix byte from the ordinary 0x02/0x03 to something else. However, some forks (notably `secp256k1-zkp`) have started using some bytes for their own encodings, and if we continue to use hardcoded constants the risk of conflict is increased.
This commit puts the prefixes used by the main library into the `include/secp256k1.h` so that the constants we're using will at least be in a standard easy-to-reference place.
Tree-SHA512: 37fa25be5074b7c519a9c69421320a62f32a3818f144254eb57f96c6657b993fc01962a5c670574275d1c59b095a6c89e60736123f032d6736907284eac526d7
I think I summarized it correctly after IRC discussion with gmaxwell
and andytoshi; I didn't know it existed :(
It's regrettable to expose this level of detail, but users need to know
this to make a decision about how to use it.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
These functions are intended for compatibility with legacy software,
and are not normally needed in new secp256k1 applications.
They also do not obeying any particular standard (and likely cannot
without without undermining their compatibility), and so are a
better fit for contrib.
ECDSA signature verification now requires normalized signatures (with S in the
lower half of the range). In case the input cannot be guaranteed to provide this,
a new function secp256k1_ecdsa_signature_normalize is provided to preprocess it.
There are now 2 encoding formats supported: 64-byte "compact" and DER.
The latter is strict: the data has to be exact DER, though the values
inside don't need to be valid.
The use of static makes this somewhat redundant currently, though if
we later have multiple compilation units it will be needed.
This also sets the dllexport needed for shared libraries on win32.
