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Author SHA1 Message Date
Kgothatso Ngako
1448ed5ad8 docs(frost): record batch signing as built, and what rollout needs
Phase 7 of docs/frost-batch-signing.md, which is the phase with no code in it.

Nothing needs a feature flag. k=1 is the entire behaviour of the app as shipped
-- no caller batches anything yet -- and at k=1 every message is byte-identical
to the app before Phase 1: encodeProposal returns the bare event object,
joinPayload of one value is that value, and every plural branch in the
transcript is only taken above one. The doc now tabulates that rather than
asserting it in prose, since it is the claim the whole rollout rests on.

The one rollout constraint stands: before a caller batches, the group has to be
on a build that understands array proposals. There is no negotiation for it and
adding one is not worth it -- an old device refuses an array proposal outright,
so the failure mode is a batch that never reaches threshold and is abandoned,
visible in the transcript and costing a retry.

Also records what is left, which is nothing in the protocol: deciding what to
batch is a product question, bounded only by "a batch is only as available as
its worst item" and "GroupKeyStateManager.propose must never batch".

The phases are kept as written rather than rewritten into a description of the
result -- the code reads better against the argument it came from -- with the
two places the implementation chose differently (itemIndex over index,
DROP COLUMN over a table rebuild) marked in their own sections.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-06 05:00:21 +02:00
Kgothatso Ngako
2309879153 test(frost): cover the batch's failure modes and its crypto without a database
Phase 6 of docs/frost-batch-signing.md. 361 jvmTest and 227 testDebugUnitTest
pass.

## Inbound path (SignedGroupKeyStateTest)

Both drive the manager with a hand-built inner event rather than one the other
device queued, which is the only way to be a faulty or dishonest member in this
harness.

- A one-value nonce offered for a three-item batch does not count towards the
  threshold: the coordinator never reaches a signer set. The length check is all
  that stands between a batch and a signer whose contribution lines up against
  the wrong messages, so truncating or padding would produce partial signatures
  aggregated against events nobody agreed to. The test then pumps the real nonce
  and the batch completes -- it is a stall, not damage, which is
  FrostSignerMessage's composite key doing its job.
- A second proposal under the session's own id changes neither its event ids nor
  its seeds. Every seed is already committed to its item's message; a different
  batch under the same id would have those seeds produce a second partial
  signature over a second message, which is how a share is extracted.

## Real FROST, no database (FrostSigningRoundTest)

- A k=3 batch from one signer set, all three verifying against the room's key --
  the manager's shape with the database taken out of the way.
- Item 0's signature does not verify against item 1. Signing three events in
  lockstep must not make any of them interchangeable.
- Both halves of the no-shared-nonce property, because either alone is enough to
  be relied on by accident: SecretNonce.generate mixes the message in, so one
  seed under two messages already gives two nonces -- and the manager mints
  distinct seeds regardless.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-06 04:58:48 +02:00
Kgothatso Ngako
59c34263b3 feat(frost): let one signing session carry a batch of events
Phase 3 of docs/frost-batch-signing.md. A session can now be proposed over
several events, and the whole batch is signed in one round of four group
events with one approval. 356 jvmTest and 224 testDebugUnitTest pass.

## The wire, and the compatibility rule that shapes it

FrostSigningEvents.encodeProposal serialises a batch of one as the bare event
object it always was, and only a genuine batch as a JSON array. That is not
tidiness. A build predating this reads an array with Event.fromJsonOrNull, gets
null, and drops the proposal -- so an old device refuses a batch outright
rather than signing part of one, while single signing keeps working right
through a mixed-version rollout. Emitting an array unconditionally would break
every one-event session for those devices and buy nothing.

decodeProposal accepts both forms permanently: proposals in the old shape do
not stop arriving because this build stopped writing them. It is
all-or-nothing -- an array with one unreadable element is refused rather than
silently shortened, because the batch's length is what every later payload is
checked against, and a proposal that quietly lost an event would have every
signer's contribution rejected for being the wrong size: a stall with nothing
to blame.

## MAX_BATCH_SIZE, checked twice

64, enforced in proposeSigningBatch and again, independently, in
acceptProposal. The second check is the one that matters. A proposal is the
only place in this protocol where a remote party decides how much work everyone
else does -- k native key generations, k signatures, and a group event carrying
k payloads, from a single message -- and until batching that was bounded only
by never being more than one.

## acceptProposal over a list

Each element is rebuilt from its own fields under this device's own reading of
the room's path and checked against the id it claims, exactly as before but per
item, and the whole proposal is dropped if any one fails. The write-once rule
widens from "the event this session signs" to "the ordered list of events this
session signs": a second proposal under the same id whose list differs anywhere
is logged and ignored.

## The API

FrostSigningManager.proposeSigningBatch(events: List<EventTemplate<*>>) is
public here rather than in Phase 4, because without it there is no way to
produce a k>1 session and everything above would ship untested. proposeSigning
keeps its signature as the one-event form, so no caller moves. Each template
carries its own createdAt.

## Tests

- FrostProposalCodecTest (new, commonTest): a batch of one is byte-for-byte the
  old JSON object -- the assertion that stands in for the old build nobody can
  run here -- plus order preservation, old-form decoding, and refusal of empty,
  malformed and partly-unreadable arrays.
- SignedGroupKeyStateTest: a k=3 batch between two devices over two databases.
  Three signatures verifying against the room, three dialects applied on both
  devices in order, five messages from the coordinator and two from the other
  signer, and one approval line rather than three.
- The negative test that matters: no two items of a batch share an aggregated
  nonce or a seed, and the two devices' seeds do not intersect. Every positive
  test still passes if two items share a nonce -- the signatures verify fine;
  what sharing costs is the secret share.
- The cap is refused when proposed.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-06 04:48:24 +02:00
Kgothatso Ngako
935a8fe37a refactor(frost): run a signing session as k FROST instances in lockstep
Phase 2 of docs/frost-batch-signing.md. Pure refactor: proposals still carry
one event, the wire is byte-identical, and every test passes unchanged --
344 jvmTest and 217 testDebugUnitTest, none of them edited in this commit.

advance() now loops over FrostSigningItem rows rather than reading the first
one. One nonce per item, one aggregate per item, one Session.create per item,
one partial signature per item, one signature per item. The signer set, the
public shares, the tweak cache and the approval stay shared, because they are
the terms that do not enter e = H(R‖P‖m).

The coordinator's aggregation is the place where that distinction bites: it
builds one AggregatedNonce per item, each from that item's nonce from each
chosen signer. Reusing one across two items would be reusing R across two
messages.

## The payload codec, early

joinPayload/splitPayload land here rather than with the wire change, because at
a batch of one a comma join is the identity -- the payload is the bare value it
has always been. That leaves Phase 3 to the proposal encoding alone.

splitPayload is strict: a payload that is not exactly the batch's length is
dropped rather than truncated or padded. It runs in orderedNonces,
orderedPartialSignatures and splitForSession -- never in record(), which stores
payloads without parsing them so that a nonce can arrive before the proposal
that would give it a length to check against.

## Two short-circuits, and one trap in the first

advance() runs on every arriving message, so at a batch of k it was k native
key generations, k Session.creates and k signs each time, usually to discover
there was nothing left to do.

- Nonces are generated by `lazy`. The obvious version -- a guard computing
  `ownNonce == null || (isSigner() && ownPartial == null)` -- is wrong, and
  wrong in a way that reads fine and fails every signing test: the coordinator
  settles the signer set further down the same pass, so isSigner() at the top
  is false on exactly the pass where the coordinator goes on to sign, and the
  nonces are never generated. Reproduced as IndexOutOfBounds before switching
  to lazy, which has no prediction to make.
- A device that is neither signing nor aggregating leaves before building any
  FROST session, rather than building k of them to do nothing with.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-06 04:40:22 +02:00
Kgothatso Ngako
dff41d417d feat(frost): move a signing session's per-event columns onto FrostSigningItem
Phase 1 of docs/frost-batch-signing.md, which is added here as the plan the
next phases follow. Schema only: a session still signs exactly one event, the
wire is byte-identical, and every existing test passes on the moved columns.

## What moved, and why it had to

A batch of k events is k independent FROST instances sharing a signer set, not
one signature over k messages. That is forced rather than chosen: a Schnorr
partial signature is `s = k + e·x` with `e = H(R‖P‖m)`, so two messages under
one nonce R give two equations in one unknown and the secret share falls out.

So the five columns that enter that equation -- unsignedEventJson, eventId,
nonceRandom, aggregatedNonce, signature -- move to a child table keyed
(sessionId, itemIndex). What stays on FrostSigningSession is everything outside
it: the ceremony, the threshold, the derivation path, the signer set, and the
one approval.

itemIndex is protocol rather than presentation -- nonces and partial signatures
are joined positionally against it -- so getItems() orders by it and nothing
re-sorts. Spelled itemIndex rather than index to keep hand-written queries free
of backticks.

No itemCount column. The count is a COUNT(*), for the same reason signerIds is
derived from the ceremony's participant order rather than stored: a
denormalised count is one more thing that can disagree with the rows.

## Migration 9 -> 10

Manual, not auto: Room can create the table and drop the columns but cannot
copy between them, and the copy is the whole point. A session in flight at
upgrade holds its nonce seed and the aggregate it is already signing against,
and neither can be regenerated -- losing either makes the next pass derive a
different nonce for the same message and publish a second partial signature
over it, which is the extraction case. Both are copied verbatim into item 0, so
an in-flight session resumes as though nothing happened.

Removing the columns uses ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN rather than the usual
create-copy-drop-rename rebuild. FrostSignerMessage and FrostSigningItem both
reference FrostSigningSession(id) ON DELETE CASCADE, and DROP TABLE fires
cascades -- with foreign keys enforced the rebuild would delete every signer
message and every item just written. Whether it does depends on Room disabling
foreign keys around migrations, which is not worth depending on when
DROP COLUMN cannot go wrong. It needs SQLite 3.35 and unindexed,
unconstrained columns; these five qualify, and getRoomDatabase pins
BundledSQLiteDriver on every platform.

## Invariants established here for the phases that follow

- signerIds and every item's aggregatedNonce are one write-once unit, applied
  by applyAggregate() -- items first in one transaction, then the session, so
  "some items aggregated" is unreachable and signerIds != null stays the gate.
- Signatures likewise, via applySignatures(); isSigned() counts rows instead of
  reading a flag.
- complete() verifies every signature before applying any event, so a batch is
  all-or-nothing rather than half-filed.
- itemsOver() gives each item its own 32 bytes of seed. Independent seeds mean
  an off-by-one in index handling produces a session that fails to aggregate
  rather than one that signs two messages under a single nonce.

signedEvent() and isAwaitingApproval() now take the item(s) rather than the
session, which propagates to the repository, the view model and the screen.
advance() reads items.first() and Phase 2 turns that into a loop.

## Tests

- FrostSigningSessionDaoJvmTest: index ordering, single-item read, upsert
  replacing rather than accumulating, signed-item counting, cascade delete.
- FrostSigningItemMigrationJvmTest (new): the backfill against a real v9
  database, asserting the seed and aggregate values survive -- not merely that
  a row appeared -- plus the exact column lists Room will check at open time.
- 338 jvmTest and 217 testDebugUnitTest pass.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-06 04:33:46 +02:00