Add a ureq version of esplora module

The `Blockchain` implementation for connecting to an Esplora instance is
currently based on `reqwest`. Some users may not wish to use reqwest.

`ureq` is a simple HTTP client (no async) that is useful when `reqwest`
is not suitable.

- Move `esplora.rs` -> `esplora/reqwest.rs`
- Add an implementation based on the `reqwest` esplora code but using `ureq`
- Add feature flags and conditional includes to re-export everything to
  the `esplora` module so we don't effect the rest of the code base.
- Remove the forced dependency on `tokio`.
- Make esplora independent of async-interface
- Depend on local version of macros crate

.github/workflows/code_coverage.yml

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Update toolchain
         run: rustup update
       - name: Test
-        run: cargo test --features all-keys,compiler,esplora,compact_filters --no-default-features
+        run: cargo test --features all-keys,compiler,esplora,ureq,compact_filters --no-default-features
                     
       - id: coverage
         name: Generate coverage

.github/workflows/cont_integration.yml

@@ -16,14 +16,16 @@ jobs:
           - default
           - minimal
           - all-keys
-          - minimal,esplora
+          - minimal,esplora,ureq
           - key-value-db
           - electrum
           - compact_filters
-          - esplora,key-value-db,electrum
+          - esplora,ureq,key-value-db,electrum
           - compiler
           - rpc
           - verify
+          - async-interface
+          - async-interface,esplora,reqwest
     steps:
       - name: checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v2
@@ -137,7 +139,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Update toolchain
         run: rustup update
       - name: Check
-        run: cargo check --target wasm32-unknown-unknown --features esplora --no-default-features
+        run: cargo check --target wasm32-unknown-unknown --features esplora,reqwest --no-default-features
+
 
   fmt:
     name: Rust fmt

.github/workflows/nightly_docs.yml

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Update toolchain
         run: rustup update
       - name: Build docs
-        run: cargo rustdoc --verbose --features=compiler,electrum,esplora,compact_filters,key-value-db,all-keys -- --cfg docsrs -Dwarnings
+        run: cargo rustdoc --verbose --features=compiler,electrum,esplora,ureq,compact_filters,key-value-db,all-keys -- --cfg docsrs -Dwarnings
       - name: Upload artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v2
         with:

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 ## [Unreleased]
 
 - Added `RpcBlockchain` in the `AnyBlockchain` struct to allow using Rpc backend where `AnyBlockchain` is used (eg `bdk-cli`)
+- Removed hard dependency on `tokio`.
 
 ### Wallet
 
@@ -14,7 +15,8 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ### Blockchain
 
-- Removed `stop_gap` from `Blockchain` trait and added it to only `ElectrumBlockchain` and `EsploraBlockchain` structs  
+- Removed `stop_gap` from `Blockchain` trait and added it to only `ElectrumBlockchain` and `EsploraBlockchain` structs.
+- Added a `ureq` backend for use when not using feature `async-interface` or target WASM. `ureq` is a blocking HTTP client.
 
 ## [v0.9.0] - [v0.8.0]
 

Cargo.toml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ readme = "README.md"
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 
 [dependencies]
-bdk-macros = "^0.4"
+bdk-macros = { path = "macros"} # TODO: Change this to version number after next release.
 log = "^0.4"
 miniscript = "5.1"
 bitcoin = { version = "~0.26.2", features = ["use-serde", "base64"] }
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ rand = "^0.7"
 sled = { version = "0.34", optional = true }
 electrum-client = { version = "0.7", optional = true }
 reqwest = { version = "0.11", optional = true, features = ["json"] }
+ureq = { version = "2.1", default-features = false, features = ["json"], optional = true }
 futures = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
 async-trait = { version = "0.1", optional = true }
 rocksdb = { version = "0.14", optional = true }
@@ -37,10 +38,6 @@ bitcoinconsensus = { version = "0.19.0-3", optional = true }
 # Needed by bdk_blockchain_tests macro
 bitcoincore-rpc = { version = "0.13", optional = true }
 
-# Platform-specific dependencies
-[target.'cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))'.dependencies]
-tokio = { version = "1", features = ["rt"] }
-
 [target.'cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")'.dependencies]
 async-trait = "0.1"
 js-sys = "0.3"
@@ -51,21 +48,32 @@ minimal = []
 compiler = ["miniscript/compiler"]
 verify = ["bitcoinconsensus"]
 default = ["key-value-db", "electrum"]
-electrum = ["electrum-client"]
-esplora = ["reqwest", "futures"]
 compact_filters = ["rocksdb", "socks", "lazy_static", "cc"]
 key-value-db = ["sled"]
-async-interface = ["async-trait"]
 all-keys = ["keys-bip39"]
 keys-bip39 = ["tiny-bip39", "zeroize"]
 rpc = ["bitcoincore-rpc"]
 
+# We currently provide mulitple implementations of `Blockchain`, all are
+# blocking except for the `EsploraBlockchain` which can be either async or
+# blocking, depending on the HTTP client in use.
+#
+# - Users wanting asynchronous HTTP calls should enable `async-interface` to get
+#   access to the asynchronous method implementations. Then, if Esplora is wanted,
+#   enable `esplora` AND `reqwest`.
+# - Users wanting blocking HTTP calls can use any of the other blockchain
+#   implementations (`compact_filters`, `electrum`, or `esplora`). Users wanting to
+#   use Esplora should enable `esplora` AND `ureq`.
+async-interface = ["async-trait"]
+electrum = ["electrum-client"]
+esplora = ["futures"]           # Requires one of: `ureq` or `reqwest`.
+
 
 # Debug/Test features
 test-blockchains = ["bitcoincore-rpc", "electrum-client"]
 test-electrum = ["electrum", "electrsd/electrs_0_8_10", "test-blockchains"]
 test-rpc = ["rpc", "electrsd/electrs_0_8_10", "test-blockchains"]
-test-esplora = ["esplora", "electrsd/legacy", "electrsd/esplora_a33e97e1", "test-blockchains"]
+test-esplora = ["esplora", "ureq", "electrsd/legacy", "electrsd/esplora_a33e97e1", "test-blockchains"]
 test-md-docs = ["electrum"]
 
 [dev-dependencies]
@@ -88,6 +96,6 @@ required-features = ["compiler"]
 [workspace]
 members = ["macros"]
 [package.metadata.docs.rs]
-features = ["compiler", "electrum", "esplora", "compact_filters", "rpc", "key-value-db", "all-keys", "verify"]
+features = ["compiler", "electrum", "esplora", "ureq", "compact_filters", "rpc", "key-value-db", "all-keys", "verify"]
 # defines the configuration attribute `docsrs`
 rustdoc-args = ["--cfg", "docsrs"]

macros/src/lib.rs

@@ -121,26 +121,3 @@ pub fn maybe_await(expr: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
 
     quoted.into()
 }
-
-/// Awaits if target_arch is "wasm32", uses `tokio::Runtime::block_on()` otherwise
-///
-/// Requires the `tokio` crate as a dependecy with `rt-core` or `rt-threaded` to build on non-wasm32 platforms.
-#[proc_macro]
-pub fn await_or_block(expr: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-    let expr: proc_macro2::TokenStream = expr.into();
-    let quoted = quote! {
-        {
-            #[cfg(all(not(target_arch = "wasm32"), not(feature = "async-interface")))]
-            {
-                tokio::runtime::Builder::new_current_thread().enable_all().build().unwrap().block_on(#expr)
-            }
-
-            #[cfg(any(target_arch = "wasm32", feature = "async-interface"))]
-            {
-                #expr.await
-            }
-        }
-    };
-
-    quoted.into()
-}

src/blockchain/any.rs

@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@
 //! )?;
 //! # }
 //!
-//! # #[cfg(feature = "esplora")]
+//! # #[cfg(all(feature = "esplora", feature = "ureq"))]
 //! # {
-//! let esplora_blockchain = EsploraBlockchain::new("...", None, 20);
+//! let esplora_blockchain = EsploraBlockchain::new("...", 20);
 //! let wallet_esplora: Wallet<AnyBlockchain, _> = Wallet::new(
 //!     "...",
 //!     None,
@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@
 //! # use bdk::blockchain::*;
 //! # use bdk::database::MemoryDatabase;
 //! # use bdk::Wallet;
+//! # #[cfg(all(feature = "esplora", feature = "ureq"))]
+//! # {
 //! let config = serde_json::from_str("...")?;
 //! let blockchain = AnyBlockchain::from_config(&config)?;
 //! let wallet = Wallet::new(
@@ -69,6 +71,7 @@
 //!     MemoryDatabase::default(),
 //!     blockchain,
 //! )?;
+//! # }
 //! # Ok::<(), bdk::Error>(())
 //! ```
 

src/blockchain/esplora/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+//! Esplora
+//!
+//! This module defines a [`EsploraBlockchain`] struct that can query an Esplora
+//! backend populate the wallet's [database](crate::database::Database) by:
+//!
+//! ## Example
+//!
+//! ```no_run
+//! # use bdk::blockchain::esplora::EsploraBlockchain;
+//! let blockchain = EsploraBlockchain::new("https://blockstream.info/testnet/api", 20);
+//! # Ok::<(), bdk::Error>(())
+//! ```
+//!
+//! Esplora blockchain can use either `ureq` or `reqwest` for the HTTP client
+//! depending on your needs (blocking or async respectively).
+//!
+//! Please note, to configure the Esplora HTTP client correctly use one of:
+//! Blocking:  --features='esplora,ureq'
+//! Async:     --features='async-interface,esplora,reqwest' --no-default-features
+use std::fmt;
+use std::io;
+
+use serde::Deserialize;
+
+use bitcoin::consensus;
+use bitcoin::{BlockHash, Txid};
+
+#[cfg(all(
+    feature = "esplora",
+    feature = "reqwest",
+    any(feature = "async-interface", target_arch = "wasm32"),
+))]
+mod reqwest;
+
+#[cfg(all(
+    feature = "esplora",
+    feature = "reqwest",
+    any(feature = "async-interface", target_arch = "wasm32"),
+))]
+pub use self::reqwest::*;
+
+#[cfg(all(
+    feature = "esplora",
+    not(any(
+        feature = "async-interface",
+        feature = "reqwest",
+        target_arch = "wasm32"
+    )),
+))]
+mod ureq;
+
+#[cfg(all(
+    feature = "esplora",
+    not(any(
+        feature = "async-interface",
+        feature = "reqwest",
+        target_arch = "wasm32"
+    )),
+))]
+pub use self::ureq::*;
+
+/// Data type used when fetching transaction history from Esplora.
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+pub struct EsploraGetHistory {
+    txid: Txid,
+    status: EsploraGetHistoryStatus,
+}
+
+#[derive(Deserialize)]
+struct EsploraGetHistoryStatus {
+    block_height: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+/// Errors that can happen during a sync with [`EsploraBlockchain`]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum EsploraError {
+    /// Error during ureq HTTP request
+    #[cfg(feature = "ureq")]
+    Ureq(::ureq::Error),
+    /// Transport error during the ureq HTTP call
+    #[cfg(feature = "ureq")]
+    UreqTransport(::ureq::Transport),
+    /// Error during reqwest HTTP request
+    #[cfg(feature = "reqwest")]
+    Reqwest(::reqwest::Error),
+    /// HTTP response error
+    HttpResponse(u16),
+    /// IO error during ureq response read
+    Io(io::Error),
+    /// No header found in ureq response
+    NoHeader,
+    /// Invalid number returned
+    Parsing(std::num::ParseIntError),
+    /// Invalid Bitcoin data returned
+    BitcoinEncoding(bitcoin::consensus::encode::Error),
+    /// Invalid Hex data returned
+    Hex(bitcoin::hashes::hex::Error),
+
+    /// Transaction not found
+    TransactionNotFound(Txid),
+    /// Header height not found
+    HeaderHeightNotFound(u32),
+    /// Header hash not found
+    HeaderHashNotFound(BlockHash),
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for EsploraError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{:?}", self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl std::error::Error for EsploraError {}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "ureq")]
+impl_error!(::ureq::Error, Ureq, EsploraError);
+#[cfg(feature = "ureq")]
+impl_error!(::ureq::Transport, UreqTransport, EsploraError);
+#[cfg(feature = "reqwest")]
+impl_error!(::reqwest::Error, Reqwest, EsploraError);
+impl_error!(io::Error, Io, EsploraError);
+impl_error!(std::num::ParseIntError, Parsing, EsploraError);
+impl_error!(consensus::encode::Error, BitcoinEncoding, EsploraError);
+impl_error!(bitcoin::hashes::hex::Error, Hex, EsploraError);

src/blockchain/esplora/reqwest.rs

@@ -9,41 +9,30 @@
 // You may not use this file except in accordance with one or both of these
 // licenses.
 
-//! Esplora
+//! Esplora by way of `reqwest` HTTP client.
-//!
-//! This module defines a [`Blockchain`] struct that can query an Esplora backend
-//! populate the wallet's [database](crate::database::Database) by
-//!
-//! ## Example
-//!
-//! ```no_run
-//! # use bdk::blockchain::esplora::EsploraBlockchain;
-//! let blockchain = EsploraBlockchain::new("https://blockstream.info/testnet/api", None, 20);
-//! # Ok::<(), bdk::Error>(())
-//! ```
 
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
-use std::fmt;
 
-use bitcoin::consensus::{self, deserialize, serialize};
+use bitcoin::consensus::{deserialize, serialize};
 use bitcoin::hashes::hex::{FromHex, ToHex};
 use bitcoin::hashes::{sha256, Hash};
-use bitcoin::{BlockHash, BlockHeader, Script, Transaction, Txid};
+use bitcoin::{BlockHeader, Script, Transaction, Txid};
-use futures::stream::{self, FuturesOrdered, StreamExt, TryStreamExt};
+
 #[allow(unused_imports)]
 use log::{debug, error, info, trace};
-use reqwest::{Client, StatusCode};
-use serde::Deserialize;
 
+use futures::stream::{self, FuturesOrdered, StreamExt, TryStreamExt};
+
+use ::reqwest::{Client, StatusCode};
+
+use crate::blockchain::esplora::{EsploraError, EsploraGetHistory};
+use crate::blockchain::utils::{ElectrumLikeSync, ElsGetHistoryRes};
+use crate::blockchain::*;
 use crate::database::BatchDatabase;
 use crate::error::Error;
 use crate::wallet::utils::ChunksIterator;
 use crate::FeeRate;
 
-use super::*;
-
-use self::utils::{ElectrumLikeSync, ElsGetHistoryRes};
-
 const DEFAULT_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS: u8 = 4;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -75,17 +64,23 @@ impl std::convert::From<UrlClient> for EsploraBlockchain {
 }
 
 impl EsploraBlockchain {
-    /// Create a new instance of the client from a base URL
+    /// Create a new instance of the client from a base URL and `stop_gap`.
-    pub fn new(base_url: &str, concurrency: Option<u8>, stop_gap: usize) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(base_url: &str, stop_gap: usize) -> Self {
         EsploraBlockchain {
             url_client: UrlClient {
                 url: base_url.to_string(),
                 client: Client::new(),
-                concurrency: concurrency.unwrap_or(DEFAULT_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS),
+                concurrency: DEFAULT_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS,
             },
             stop_gap,
         }
     }
+
+    /// Set the concurrency to use when doing batch queries against the Esplora instance.
+    pub fn with_concurrency(mut self, concurrency: u8) -> Self {
+        self.url_client.concurrency = concurrency;
+        self
+    }
 }
 
 #[maybe_async]
@@ -111,19 +106,19 @@ impl Blockchain for EsploraBlockchain {
     }
 
     fn get_tx(&self, txid: &Txid) -> Result<Option<Transaction>, Error> {
-        Ok(await_or_block!(self.url_client._get_tx(txid))?)
+        Ok(self.url_client._get_tx(txid).await?)
     }
 
     fn broadcast(&self, tx: &Transaction) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        Ok(await_or_block!(self.url_client._broadcast(tx))?)
+        Ok(self.url_client._broadcast(tx).await?)
     }
 
     fn get_height(&self) -> Result<u32, Error> {
-        Ok(await_or_block!(self.url_client._get_height())?)
+        Ok(self.url_client._get_height().await?)
     }
 
     fn estimate_fee(&self, target: usize) -> Result<FeeRate, Error> {
-        let estimates = await_or_block!(self.url_client._get_fee_estimates())?;
+        let estimates = self.url_client._get_fee_estimates().await?;
 
         let fee_val = estimates
             .into_iter()
@@ -298,47 +293,38 @@ impl ElectrumLikeSync for UrlClient {
         &self,
         scripts: I,
     ) -> Result<Vec<Vec<ElsGetHistoryRes>>, Error> {
-        let future = async {
         let mut results = vec![];
         for chunk in ChunksIterator::new(scripts.into_iter(), self.concurrency as usize) {
             let mut futs = FuturesOrdered::new();
             for script in chunk {
-                    futs.push(self._script_get_history(&script));
+                futs.push(self._script_get_history(script));
             }
             let partial_results: Vec<Vec<ElsGetHistoryRes>> = futs.try_collect().await?;
             results.extend(partial_results);
         }
         Ok(stream::iter(results).collect().await)
-        };
-
-        await_or_block!(future)
     }
 
     fn els_batch_transaction_get<'s, I: IntoIterator<Item = &'s Txid>>(
         &self,
         txids: I,
     ) -> Result<Vec<Transaction>, Error> {
-        let future = async {
         let mut results = vec![];
         for chunk in ChunksIterator::new(txids.into_iter(), self.concurrency as usize) {
             let mut futs = FuturesOrdered::new();
             for txid in chunk {
-                    futs.push(self._get_tx_no_opt(&txid));
+                futs.push(self._get_tx_no_opt(txid));
             }
             let partial_results: Vec<Transaction> = futs.try_collect().await?;
             results.extend(partial_results);
         }
         Ok(stream::iter(results).collect().await)
-        };
-
-        await_or_block!(future)
     }
 
     fn els_batch_block_header<I: IntoIterator<Item = u32>>(
         &self,
         heights: I,
     ) -> Result<Vec<BlockHeader>, Error> {
-        let future = async {
         let mut results = vec![];
         for chunk in ChunksIterator::new(heights.into_iter(), self.concurrency as usize) {
             let mut futs = FuturesOrdered::new();
@@ -349,23 +335,9 @@ impl ElectrumLikeSync for UrlClient {
             results.extend(partial_results);
         }
         Ok(stream::iter(results).collect().await)
-        };
-
-        await_or_block!(future)
     }
 }
 
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-struct EsploraGetHistoryStatus {
-    block_height: Option<usize>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Deserialize)]
-struct EsploraGetHistory {
-    txid: Txid,
-    status: EsploraGetHistoryStatus,
-}
-
 /// Configuration for an [`EsploraBlockchain`]
 #[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize, Clone, PartialEq)]
 pub struct EsploraBlockchainConfig {
@@ -375,7 +347,7 @@ pub struct EsploraBlockchainConfig {
     pub base_url: String,
     /// Number of parallel requests sent to the esplora service (default: 4)
     pub concurrency: Option<u8>,
-    /// Stop searching addresses for transactions after finding an unused gap of this length
+    /// Stop searching addresses for transactions after finding an unused gap of this length.
     pub stop_gap: usize,
 }
 
@@ -383,47 +355,14 @@ impl ConfigurableBlockchain for EsploraBlockchain {
     type Config = EsploraBlockchainConfig;
 
     fn from_config(config: &Self::Config) -> Result<Self, Error> {
-        Ok(EsploraBlockchain::new(
+        let mut blockchain = EsploraBlockchain::new(config.base_url.as_str(), config.stop_gap);
-            config.base_url.as_str(),
+        if let Some(concurrency) = config.concurrency {
-            config.concurrency,
+            blockchain.url_client.concurrency = concurrency;
-            config.stop_gap,
+        };
-        ))
+        Ok(blockchain)
     }
 }
 
-/// Errors that can happen during a sync with [`EsploraBlockchain`]
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub enum EsploraError {
-    /// Error with the HTTP call
-    Reqwest(reqwest::Error),
-    /// Invalid number returned
-    Parsing(std::num::ParseIntError),
-    /// Invalid Bitcoin data returned
-    BitcoinEncoding(bitcoin::consensus::encode::Error),
-    /// Invalid Hex data returned
-    Hex(bitcoin::hashes::hex::Error),
-
-    /// Transaction not found
-    TransactionNotFound(Txid),
-    /// Header height not found
-    HeaderHeightNotFound(u32),
-    /// Header hash not found
-    HeaderHashNotFound(BlockHash),
-}
-
-impl fmt::Display for EsploraError {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        write!(f, "{:?}", self)
-    }
-}
-
-impl std::error::Error for EsploraError {}
-
-impl_error!(reqwest::Error, Reqwest, EsploraError);
-impl_error!(std::num::ParseIntError, Parsing, EsploraError);
-impl_error!(consensus::encode::Error, BitcoinEncoding, EsploraError);
-impl_error!(bitcoin::hashes::hex::Error, Hex, EsploraError);
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 #[cfg(feature = "test-esplora")]
 crate::bdk_blockchain_tests! {

src/blockchain/esplora/ureq.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+// Bitcoin Dev Kit
+// Written in 2020 by Alekos Filini <alekos.filini@gmail.com>
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2020-2021 Bitcoin Dev Kit Developers
+//
+// This file is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE
+// or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your option.
+// You may not use this file except in accordance with one or both of these
+// licenses.
+
+//! Esplora by way of `ureq` HTTP client.
+
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::io;
+use std::io::Read;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+#[allow(unused_imports)]
+use log::{debug, error, info, trace};
+
+use ureq::{Agent, Response};
+
+use bitcoin::consensus::{deserialize, serialize};
+use bitcoin::hashes::hex::{FromHex, ToHex};
+use bitcoin::hashes::{sha256, Hash};
+use bitcoin::{BlockHeader, Script, Transaction, Txid};
+
+use crate::blockchain::esplora::{EsploraError, EsploraGetHistory};
+use crate::blockchain::utils::{ElectrumLikeSync, ElsGetHistoryRes};
+use crate::blockchain::*;
+use crate::database::BatchDatabase;
+use crate::error::Error;
+use crate::FeeRate;
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct UrlClient {
+    url: String,
+    agent: Agent,
+}
+
+/// Structure that implements the logic to sync with Esplora
+///
+/// ## Example
+/// See the [`blockchain::esplora`](crate::blockchain::esplora) module for a usage example.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct EsploraBlockchain {
+    url_client: UrlClient,
+    stop_gap: usize,
+}
+
+impl std::convert::From<UrlClient> for EsploraBlockchain {
+    fn from(url_client: UrlClient) -> Self {
+        EsploraBlockchain {
+            url_client,
+            stop_gap: 20,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl EsploraBlockchain {
+    /// Create a new instance of the client from a base URL and `stop_gap`.
+    pub fn new(base_url: &str, stop_gap: usize) -> Self {
+        EsploraBlockchain {
+            url_client: UrlClient {
+                url: base_url.to_string(),
+                agent: Agent::new(),
+            },
+            stop_gap,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Set the inner `ureq` agent.
+    pub fn with_agent(mut self, agent: Agent) -> Self {
+        self.url_client.agent = agent;
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+impl Blockchain for EsploraBlockchain {
+    fn get_capabilities(&self) -> HashSet<Capability> {
+        vec![
+            Capability::FullHistory,
+            Capability::GetAnyTx,
+            Capability::AccurateFees,
+        ]
+        .into_iter()
+        .collect()
+    }
+
+    fn setup<D: BatchDatabase, P: Progress>(
+        &self,
+        database: &mut D,
+        progress_update: P,
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.url_client
+            .electrum_like_setup(self.stop_gap, database, progress_update)
+    }
+
+    fn get_tx(&self, txid: &Txid) -> Result<Option<Transaction>, Error> {
+        Ok(self.url_client._get_tx(txid)?)
+    }
+
+    fn broadcast(&self, tx: &Transaction) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        let _txid = self.url_client._broadcast(tx)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn get_height(&self) -> Result<u32, Error> {
+        Ok(self.url_client._get_height()?)
+    }
+
+    fn estimate_fee(&self, target: usize) -> Result<FeeRate, Error> {
+        let estimates = self.url_client._get_fee_estimates()?;
+
+        let fee_val = estimates
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(k, v)| Ok::<_, std::num::ParseIntError>((k.parse::<usize>()?, v)))
+            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
+            .map_err(|e| Error::Generic(e.to_string()))?
+            .into_iter()
+            .take_while(|(k, _)| k <= &target)
+            .map(|(_, v)| v)
+            .last()
+            .unwrap_or(1.0);
+
+        Ok(FeeRate::from_sat_per_vb(fee_val as f32))
+    }
+}
+
+impl UrlClient {
+    fn script_to_scripthash(script: &Script) -> String {
+        sha256::Hash::hash(script.as_bytes()).into_inner().to_hex()
+    }
+
+    fn _get_tx(&self, txid: &Txid) -> Result<Option<Transaction>, EsploraError> {
+        let resp = self
+            .agent
+            .get(&format!("{}/tx/{}/raw", self.url, txid))
+            .call();
+
+        match resp {
+            Ok(resp) => Ok(Some(deserialize(&into_bytes(resp)?)?)),
+            Err(ureq::Error::Status(code, _)) => {
+                if is_status_not_found(code) {
+                    return Ok(None);
+                }
+                Err(EsploraError::HttpResponse(code))
+            }
+            Err(e) => Err(EsploraError::Ureq(e)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn _get_tx_no_opt(&self, txid: &Txid) -> Result<Transaction, EsploraError> {
+        match self._get_tx(txid) {
+            Ok(Some(tx)) => Ok(tx),
+            Ok(None) => Err(EsploraError::TransactionNotFound(*txid)),
+            Err(e) => Err(e),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn _get_header(&self, block_height: u32) -> Result<BlockHeader, EsploraError> {
+        let resp = self
+            .agent
+            .get(&format!("{}/block-height/{}", self.url, block_height))
+            .call();
+
+        let bytes = match resp {
+            Ok(resp) => Ok(into_bytes(resp)?),
+            Err(ureq::Error::Status(code, _)) => Err(EsploraError::HttpResponse(code)),
+            Err(e) => Err(EsploraError::Ureq(e)),
+        }?;
+
+        let hash = std::str::from_utf8(&bytes)
+            .map_err(|_| EsploraError::HeaderHeightNotFound(block_height))?;
+
+        let resp = self
+            .agent
+            .get(&format!("{}/block/{}/header", self.url, hash))
+            .call();
+
+        match resp {
+            Ok(resp) => Ok(deserialize(&Vec::from_hex(&resp.into_string()?)?)?),
+            Err(ureq::Error::Status(code, _)) => Err(EsploraError::HttpResponse(code)),
+            Err(e) => Err(EsploraError::Ureq(e)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn _broadcast(&self, transaction: &Transaction) -> Result<(), EsploraError> {
+        let resp = self
+            .agent
+            .post(&format!("{}/tx", self.url))
+            .send_string(&serialize(transaction).to_hex());
+
+        match resp {
+            Ok(_) => Ok(()), // We do not return the txid?
+            Err(ureq::Error::Status(code, _)) => Err(EsploraError::HttpResponse(code)),
+            Err(e) => Err(EsploraError::Ureq(e)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn _get_height(&self) -> Result<u32, EsploraError> {
+        let resp = self
+            .agent
+            .get(&format!("{}/blocks/tip/height", self.url))
+            .call();
+
+        match resp {
+            Ok(resp) => Ok(resp.into_string()?.parse()?),
+            Err(ureq::Error::Status(code, _)) => Err(EsploraError::HttpResponse(code)),
+            Err(e) => Err(EsploraError::Ureq(e)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn _script_get_history(&self, script: &Script) -> Result<Vec<ElsGetHistoryRes>, EsploraError> {
+        let mut result = Vec::new();
+        let scripthash = Self::script_to_scripthash(script);
+
+        // Add the unconfirmed transactions first
+
+        let resp = self
+            .agent
+            .get(&format!(
+                "{}/scripthash/{}/txs/mempool",
+                self.url, scripthash
+            ))
+            .call();
+
+        let v = match resp {
+            Ok(resp) => {
+                let v: Vec<EsploraGetHistory> = resp.into_json()?;
+                Ok(v)
+            }
+            Err(ureq::Error::Status(code, _)) => Err(EsploraError::HttpResponse(code)),
+            Err(e) => Err(EsploraError::Ureq(e)),
+        }?;
+
+        result.extend(v.into_iter().map(|x| ElsGetHistoryRes {
+            tx_hash: x.txid,
+            height: x.status.block_height.unwrap_or(0) as i32,
+        }));
+
+        debug!(
+            "Found {} mempool txs for {} - {:?}",
+            result.len(),
+            scripthash,
+            script
+        );
+
+        // Then go through all the pages of confirmed transactions
+        let mut last_txid = String::new();
+        loop {
+            let resp = self
+                .agent
+                .get(&format!(
+                    "{}/scripthash/{}/txs/chain/{}",
+                    self.url, scripthash, last_txid
+                ))
+                .call();
+
+            let v = match resp {
+                Ok(resp) => {
+                    let v: Vec<EsploraGetHistory> = resp.into_json()?;
+                    Ok(v)
+                }
+                Err(ureq::Error::Status(code, _)) => Err(EsploraError::HttpResponse(code)),
+                Err(e) => Err(EsploraError::Ureq(e)),
+            }?;
+
+            let len = v.len();
+            if let Some(elem) = v.last() {
+                last_txid = elem.txid.to_hex();
+            }
+
+            debug!("... adding {} confirmed transactions", len);
+
+            result.extend(v.into_iter().map(|x| ElsGetHistoryRes {
+                tx_hash: x.txid,
+                height: x.status.block_height.unwrap_or(0) as i32,
+            }));
+
+            if len < 25 {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(result)
+    }
+
+    fn _get_fee_estimates(&self) -> Result<HashMap<String, f64>, EsploraError> {
+        let resp = self
+            .agent
+            .get(&format!("{}/fee-estimates", self.url,))
+            .call();
+
+        let map = match resp {
+            Ok(resp) => {
+                let map: HashMap<String, f64> = resp.into_json()?;
+                Ok(map)
+            }
+            Err(ureq::Error::Status(code, _)) => Err(EsploraError::HttpResponse(code)),
+            Err(e) => Err(EsploraError::Ureq(e)),
+        }?;
+
+        Ok(map)
+    }
+}
+
+fn is_status_not_found(status: u16) -> bool {
+    status == 404
+}
+
+fn into_bytes(resp: Response) -> Result<Vec<u8>, io::Error> {
+    const BYTES_LIMIT: usize = 10 * 1_024 * 1_024;
+
+    let mut buf: Vec<u8> = vec![];
+    resp.into_reader()
+        .take((BYTES_LIMIT + 1) as u64)
+        .read_to_end(&mut buf)?;
+    if buf.len() > BYTES_LIMIT {
+        return Err(io::Error::new(
+            io::ErrorKind::Other,
+            "response too big for into_bytes",
+        ));
+    }
+
+    Ok(buf)
+}
+
+impl ElectrumLikeSync for UrlClient {
+    fn els_batch_script_get_history<'s, I: IntoIterator<Item = &'s Script>>(
+        &self,
+        scripts: I,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Vec<ElsGetHistoryRes>>, Error> {
+        let mut results = vec![];
+        for script in scripts.into_iter() {
+            let v = self._script_get_history(script)?;
+            results.push(v);
+        }
+        Ok(results)
+    }
+
+    fn els_batch_transaction_get<'s, I: IntoIterator<Item = &'s Txid>>(
+        &self,
+        txids: I,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Transaction>, Error> {
+        let mut results = vec![];
+        for txid in txids.into_iter() {
+            let tx = self._get_tx_no_opt(txid)?;
+            results.push(tx);
+        }
+        Ok(results)
+    }
+
+    fn els_batch_block_header<I: IntoIterator<Item = u32>>(
+        &self,
+        heights: I,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<BlockHeader>, Error> {
+        let mut results = vec![];
+        for height in heights.into_iter() {
+            let header = self._get_header(height)?;
+            results.push(header);
+        }
+        Ok(results)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Configuration for an [`EsploraBlockchain`]
+#[derive(Debug, serde::Deserialize, serde::Serialize, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub struct EsploraBlockchainConfig {
+    /// Base URL of the esplora service eg. `https://blockstream.info/api/`
+    pub base_url: String,
+    /// Socket read timeout.
+    pub timeout_read: u64,
+    /// Socket write timeout.
+    pub timeout_write: u64,
+    /// Stop searching addresses for transactions after finding an unused gap of this length.
+    pub stop_gap: usize,
+}
+
+impl ConfigurableBlockchain for EsploraBlockchain {
+    type Config = EsploraBlockchainConfig;
+
+    fn from_config(config: &Self::Config) -> Result<Self, Error> {
+        let agent: Agent = ureq::AgentBuilder::new()
+            .timeout_read(Duration::from_secs(config.timeout_read))
+            .timeout_write(Duration::from_secs(config.timeout_write))
+            .build();
+        Ok(EsploraBlockchain::new(config.base_url.as_str(), config.stop_gap).with_agent(agent))
+    }
+}

src/error.rs

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ pub enum Error {
     Electrum(electrum_client::Error),
     #[cfg(feature = "esplora")]
     /// Esplora client error
-    Esplora(crate::blockchain::esplora::EsploraError),
+    Esplora(Box<crate::blockchain::esplora::EsploraError>),
     #[cfg(feature = "compact_filters")]
     /// Compact filters client error)
     CompactFilters(crate::blockchain::compact_filters::CompactFiltersError),
@@ -190,8 +190,6 @@ impl_error!(bitcoin::util::psbt::PsbtParseError, PsbtParse);
 
 #[cfg(feature = "electrum")]
 impl_error!(electrum_client::Error, Electrum);
-#[cfg(feature = "esplora")]
-impl_error!(crate::blockchain::esplora::EsploraError, Esplora);
 #[cfg(feature = "key-value-db")]
 impl_error!(sled::Error, Sled);
 #[cfg(feature = "rpc")]
@@ -216,3 +214,10 @@ impl From<crate::wallet::verify::VerifyError> for Error {
         }
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(feature = "esplora")]
+impl From<crate::blockchain::esplora::EsploraError> for Error {
+    fn from(other: crate::blockchain::esplora::EsploraError) -> Self {
+        Error::Esplora(Box::new(other))
+    }
+}

src/lib.rs

@@ -205,11 +205,27 @@ extern crate serde;
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate serde_json;
 
+#[cfg(all(feature = "reqwest", feature = "ureq"))]
+compile_error!("Features reqwest and ureq are mutually exclusive and cannot be enabled together");
+
 #[cfg(all(feature = "async-interface", feature = "electrum"))]
 compile_error!(
     "Features async-interface and electrum are mutually exclusive and cannot be enabled together"
 );
 
+#[cfg(all(feature = "async-interface", feature = "ureq"))]
+compile_error!(
+    "Features async-interface and ureq are mutually exclusive and cannot be enabled together"
+);
+
+#[cfg(all(feature = "async-interface", feature = "compact_filters"))]
+compile_error!(
+    "Features async-interface and compact_filters are mutually exclusive and cannot be enabled together"
+);
+
+#[cfg(all(feature = "esplora", not(feature = "ureq"), not(feature = "reqwest")))]
+compile_error!("Feature missing: esplora requires either ureq or reqwest to be enabled");
+
 #[cfg(feature = "keys-bip39")]
 extern crate bip39;
 
@@ -228,9 +244,6 @@ pub extern crate bitcoincore_rpc;
 #[cfg(feature = "electrum")]
 pub extern crate electrum_client;
 
-#[cfg(feature = "esplora")]
-pub extern crate reqwest;
-
 #[cfg(feature = "key-value-db")]
 pub extern crate sled;